A corpora



Mar. 27, 1923.

A. WARENSKJOLD ET AL FUEL OIL PRESSURE REGULATOR lIIIIIlllI/Ifl WA Filed July 24 a 0 M @1 VML w Z J Patented Mar. 27, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AXEL WARENSKJOLD AND JOHN W. LORIMER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS T0 ATLAS IMPERIAL ENGINE COMPANY, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORA- TION OF CALIFORNIA.

FUEL-OIL PRESSURE REGULATOR.

Application filed July 24,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, AxnL VVARENSKJOLD and JOHN W. LORIMER, of the city of Oakland, county of Alameda, State of California, have made a new and useful invention, to wit: Improvements in Fuel-Oil Pressure Regulators; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates particularly to a device for automatically regulating fluid pressures.

Among the objects of the invention are to provide a pressure regulator, that may be used in combination with an apparatus for discharging fluid at a substantiall uniform and constant pressure; that is provided with regulatory means thereon for increasing or diminishing the pressure on the fluid, whereby variations in pressure may be obtained; and that will be superior in point of simplicity, inexpensiveness of construction, positiveness of operation, and facility and convenience in use and general efliciency. Other objects and advantages will appear as this description progresses.

In this specification and the annexed drawings, the invention is illustrated in the form considered to be the best, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to such form, because it may be embodied in other forms; and it is also to be understood that in and by the claims following the description, it is desired to cover the invention in whatsoever form it may be embodied.

In the accompanying one sheet of drawlII S The figure represents a vertical section through a fluid pressure regulator constructed. in accordance with our invention and diagrammatically illustrates it as applied. to a fluid discharge nozzle and. fluid pressure regulator. 4

In detail, the construction illustrated in the drawings comprises an internal combustion engine, of which a fragmentary portion of one cylinder wall is shown and designated by the numeral 1, consisting of either a single cylinder or a plurality of cylinders. Each cylinder is provided with mechanism to permit its functioning as and for the purpose desired and which mechanism is not 1922. Serial No. 577,212.

shown as it is ancillary to the operation of the invention to be described.

Each cylinder is provided with an intake valve unit 2 consisting of an outer casing having a central passage therethrough, in which a needle valve 3 is slidably guided so that the tapered end of said needle valve will seat in a spray nozzle 4. A rocker arm 5, synchronized to move with the engine mechanism, is adapted to reciprocate the needle valve 3 relative to the spray nozzle 4 to permit fluid under pressure to be discharged into the cylinder through the spray nozzle 4. Fluid fuel is carried to the intake valve unit 2 through a conduit 6 connected at its opposite end with the check valve 7 mounted on the oil reservoir 8 of the pump 9. The pump 9 may be of a reciprocating, rotary or gear type, operated automatically and in unison with the engine mechanism. Operation of the engine and its attendant mechanism starts the pump 9 in operation to pump fluid fuel through the conduit 6 into the fuel intake valve unit 2 to place the same under pressure. The pump 9 operates continuously with the engine mechanism so that at all times the fuel in the line connected with the fuel discharge valve unit 2 would be under an approximately constant pressure. Thus, at the proper interval, upon the opening of the needle valve 3, a charge of fluid fuel would be discharged into the engine cylinder at a pressure sufficient to produce its atomization. The pump 9, like all conventional pumps, is not perfect in its operation and, as a result, fluctuations or slight variations in pressure occur on the fluid pressure in the conduit 6.

The pressure on the fluid within the conduit 6 is regulated and controlled, and slight pressure variations are smoothed out, by interposing a pressure regulating device 11 be tween the fuel discharge unit 2 and pump 9. The pressure regulator comprises a casing 11 provided with a central primary chamber 12 therein, directly connected with a secondary port 13 of a restricted and lesser area. The primary chamber 12 is connected by the bypass conduit 14 with the fluid pressure line 6. The secondary chamber 13 is connected with the discharge conduit 15 leading into an oil sump 16, in which excess or discharged fluid fuel is collected and from whence it may be directed through a conduit 17 to the pump chamber 8 to be again circulated throughout the system.

A plunger 18 is slidably confined within the primary chamber 12, said plunger having a reduced end 19 thereon with a tapered point 20 adapted to cover the mouth oi the restricted secondary chamber 13. The reduced end 19 oil the plunger thus terms shoulder 21 thereon, and between the shoulder 21 and restricted secondary chamber, around said reduced end with the primary chamber, an annular cavity is formed communicating with the by-pass conduit 1%.

The outer end of the primary chamber 12 is recessed and internally threaded to re ceire the packing and packing gland 23, adapted to snugly engage the exterior of the plunger 18. i l. cylindrical housing 24 is mounted on th end of the casing 11 in axial alignment therewith, an open-ended cap 25 being mounted on the said housing. A shaft is mounted in bearings on the upper side of the cap and so positioned that the axis of said shaft will intersect the Vertical axis of the housing 24. A handle 28 is rerolubly mounted on the shaft- 26, said handle having a cam :tace 29 formed on the lower end thereof adjacent the shaft 26.. A notched quadrant 30 is secured on the upper tace of the cap 25. of which the outer edge is concentric with relation to the axis of the shaft 26 A. spring tensioned latch 81 is pivoted at 82 within the handle 28 so that the end of said latch may be placed "ito and from engagement with the notched edge of the quadrant 30 as the handle is moved relative to the said quadrant.

The end of the plunger 18 within the housing 24 has a cap 8% thereon, on which a compression spring is adapted to rest. a plug 30 being interposed between the opposite end of said spring and the cam face 25) of the lever 28. The plug 36 is slidahlc within the housing 24: and it will be obvious that by moving the handle 28 with its cam face 29, to depress the plug and compress the spring 35, that an increased pressure would he placed on the plunger With the handle 28 in the position shown. the spring 85 is calibrated to hold the tapered end oi the plung r 1? seated against a pressure of about one thousand (1.000) pounds per square inch. When the handle 28 is swung over to the op osite end of the notched uadrant, the spring is compressed so as to hold the plunger seated against a pressure of approximately four thousand ($000) pounds per square inch, it being understood that it would he clearly within the purview of the invention to vary the minimum and maximum pressure limits indicateth by rearrangementof the notches in the quadrant 30.

Thus, the pressure regulator functions in he following manner to maintain a substaniconstant pressure on the fluid within he system of conduits to which it is coni ected. Fressure generated on the fluid by he pump 0 1 into the conduit 6 and is oy-oassed through the line 1% into the pri mary chamber 12 oi the re ulator. For slow speed operation of the engine and for id'ae; purposes, it has been found sufficient to inject the fuel into the cylinders at or about a pressure of one thousand (1,000) pounds pe square inch. whicn pressure is n zintained througho t the tluid fuel supply conduits. Fluid under this pressure is mainhin the primary chamber 12. As e in the tuel discharge uni only 0* or a short period of time during a p it one of the four cycles of operati: o e1 pressure in excess of one nousano (1 .000) pounds accumulates in the ts and within the primary chamber 'orcine; against the shoulder 21 on the 1 ll said plunger against the unseat the tapered li ter from the mouth of the restrizted. scco ry chamber 13 and the excess pressure to pass secondary chamber into the disoutlet 15 and thence into the oil The pressure maintained on the 1 within the system is always greatdesired limit to he maintained, i. c. plunger tip practically remains unseated and. by-passes the fluid pressure in that desired.

iere the e me is operated under full speed or a hca' y load. a higher pressure is necessary for a i aunization purposes, in which the hand 7. would be moved relative to the quadrant so as to increase the compression on ti spring; Assuming that handle 23 was swung position to compress the sprimz' :5 so as to exert a pressure of tour housand l-.000l pounds per square inch on the plunger 18, the pressure throughout the fluid .tuel system would thus be increased in excess of four thousand (4.000) pounds so as to raise the plunger 18 against the spri 35 to unseatthe tapered end of said plur ger 'troin the restricted secendary cha uher to li y-pass the pressure in excess ot the predetermined tour thew sand @000) pound pressure. The plunger ht inn eliminates any pulsations or pres what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A device, such as described, comprising a casing, having a chamber therein adapted to contain variable pressures and a restricted port to by-pass excess pressures from said chamber; a dual diameter plunger slidably confined within said chamber and movable by said pressures and having the reduced portion thereof adapted to close said restricted port; a compression spring for maintaining said plunger in the closed position over said restricted port; a cam member for regulating the compression of said spring; and a handle on said cam having a latch means thereon engageable with the casing for holding said handle in a predetermined position.

2. A device, such as described, comprising a casing having connected chambers of different sizes; a plunger slidably confined within one of the chambers and having a re duced end adapted to cover the entrance to the other of said chambers; a conduit connected with said first mentioned chamber for admitting a fluid under pressure therein; a conduit connected with the other of said chambers for removing excess pressures therefrom; a compression spring for resisting reciprocating movement of said plunger; a cam member for regulating the compression of said spring; a handle on said cam having a latch thereon and a notched quadrant on said casing engageable by said latch member for holding said handle in a predetermined position.

8. A device such as described comprising a casing having a chamber therein connected with a port of lesser area; a plunger slidably confined within said chamber and having a reduced end adapted to cover said port;

spring tension means operatively connected with said plunger; a plug engaging said spring means; a cam member pivoted on said casing and engaging said spring plug for regulating the tension of said spring means; a handle for operating said cam and latch means on said handle engaging said casing for holding said handle in a predetermined position; a conduit for admitting fluid under pressure into said chamber and into contact with said plungr and a conduit for removing fluid from said port of lesser area.

i, A device such. as described comprising a casing having a primary chamber connected to a restricted secondary chamber; a plunger adapted to cover the entrance to the said secondary chamber and having an enlarged body thereon slidably confined within said primary chamber; a conduit connected with said casing and adapted to admit fluid under pressure into said primary chamber between the enlarged body of said plunger and the restricted secondary chamber; a conduit adapted to remove fluid from'said secondary chamber; a compression spring means for maintaining said plunger in a closed position relative to said secondary chamber; and an adjustable cam for regulating the compression of said spring means; and latch means on said casing engageable with said adjustable cam for holding the same in a predetern'iined position.

5. A fuel pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a casing having a. ported chamber therein adapted to contain a predetermined fuel pressure and a restricted port to by-pass pressure in excess of said predetermined pressure from said chamber; a spring seated plunger slidably confined within said chamber having the end thereof closing said restricted port and movable by said excess fuel pressure to bypass through said port the excess fuel pressure from said chamber and packing in said chamber around said plunger to prevent the loss of fuel pressure.

6. A fuel oil pressure regulator, such as described, comprising a casing having a chamber therein, and connected with a discharge port of lesser area; a plunger slidably confined within said chamber and having a reduced end covering said port of lesser area; spring means for seating said plunger on said port, packing in said chamber around said plunger to prevent the loss of fuel pressure, and a conduit for admitting fuel oil of substantially a predetermined pressure into said chamber and into contact with said plunger, said plunger spring being calibrated to allow said plunger to uncover said port and by-pass pressure in excess of said predetermined pressure through said port of lesser area.

7 A fuel oil pressure regulator, such as described, comprising a casing having a chamber therein, and connected with a discharge port of lesser area; a plunger slidably confined within said chamber and having a. reduced end covering said port of lesser area; spring means for seating said plunger on said port; a conduit for admitting fuel oil of substantially a predetermined pressure into said chamber and into contact with said plunger, said plunger spring being calibrated to allow said plunger to uncover said port and by-pass pressure in excess of said predetermined pressure through said port of lesser area; an. adjustable cam for regulating the compression of said spring; and latch means on said casing engageable with said adjustable cam for holding the same in a predetermined position.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at San Francisco, California, this 12th day of July, 1922.

AXEL ARENSKJ OLD. JQHN W. LORIMER. In presence of LINCOLN V, Jonnson. 

